Two missile strikes on King Khalid International Airport forced diplomats to shelter in place and delayed dozens of flights, as Yemen's government claimed progress in its Red Sea counter-offensive. Houthi forces said they were holding their ground.
The Iran war has disrupted global trade as regional powers prepare to bolster Saudi Arabia's defences. Qatar said talks to end the war remained active and backed the Mecca defence alliance, but added that it was too early to discuss joining the pact.
The three signatories of the August Mecca Joint Defence Agreement met in emergency session in Riyadh and agreed to move immediately to "rapid deployment" of military forces, uniting NATO's second-largest army, the Islamic world's only nuclear state and the largest Gulf power.
Yanbu serves as the kingdom's primary crude export terminal on the Red Sea and is connected to its oil-producing regions near the Gulf coast by the East-West pipeline, also known as Petroline.