Two independent exit polls covering 27 countries put New People first with around 45% and United Russia as low as 2.8%, the reverse of official results inside Russia, where Putin's party took nearly 58%. Exit poll organisers said the gap "destroys the image of supposed support for the authorities."
Five Western nations and Kyiv condemned the voting in occupied Ukraine as illegal, while a Ukrainian drone strike on Moscow on the final day of polling killed two people.
The election, held to elect members in all seats of the lower house State Duma, is the first since Moscow launched its full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022.